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Social democracy is a political ideology of the centre-left on the classic political spectrum. Historically, social democracy was a form of evolutionary reformist socialism.[1] The Frankfurt Declaration of the Socialist International in 1951, attended by many social democratic parties from across the world, committed the adherents to the replacement of capitalism with socialism and committed adherents to oppose Bolshevik communism and Stalinism.[2] However, the United States and Canada had no official Social Democrat party, and still do not. And the differentiation between "Social Democracy" and "Democratic Socialism" had yet to fully develope. The chief goal of modern social democracy is to reform capitalism to align it with the ethical ideals of social democracy while maintaining the capitalist mode of production, rather than creating an alternative socialist economic system.[3]

Social democracy, as practiced in Europe in 1951, was a socialist movement supporting gradualism; the belief that gradual democratic reforms to capitalist economies will eventually succeed in creating a socialist economy,[4] rejecting forcible imposition of socialism through revolutionary means.[4] This gradualism has resulted in various far left groups, including communists, of accusing social democracy of accepting the values of capitalist society and therefore not a genuine form of socialism[4] and instead a concession made to the capitalist class. Social democracy promotes the creation of economic democracy as a means to secure workers' rights.[1] Social democracy rejects the Marxian principle of dictatorship of the proletariat, claiming that gradualist democratic reforms will improve the rights of the working class.